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Principle of the indicator displacement assay (IDA) for the recognition of analytes. A library of metals is mixed with a library of ligands in a 96-well plate. The library of complex complexes is mixed with a library of indicators (binders). A visual and / or spectrophotometric measurement is carried out to demonstrate the formation of the colored (blue-violet) complexes formed. The library of complexes is then queried with an anion library. The change of color from blue to yellow (in the case of pyrocatecol violet as binder) is measured by visual and spectrophotometric detection. The detection system formed is then analyzed for its analytical properties. 

General methodology for HTS with IDA: A library of commercial metal precursors (n) is mixed in a 96-well plate with a library of commercial ligands (m). Formed complexes offer a library of complexes (C). The identified complexes are mixed with a library of indicators (o) such as e.g. pyrocathecol violet. Formed colored heteroleptic complexes (D) are then measured for their spectrophotometric properties and exposed to a library of anions (p) forming a new library (E). The D and E libraries are compared with the naked-eye and with the spectrophotometer for variations in color. If hits are obtained, they are further investigated.

Indicator displacement assay principle

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